Number of found documents: 455
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Analýza pohybu bimodální suspenze u stěny potrubí
Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav; Novotný, Jakub; Konfršt, Jiří
2022 - Czech
V článku je pozornost zaměřena na proudění bimodálních suspenzí, kdy je kombinována hrubá frakce s jemnou s výsledným efektem snížení celkových tlakových ztrát. S využitím metod PIV a PTV je analyzováno proudění u dna potrubí. Tímto přístupem byly získány rychlosti jak bimodální směsi, tak také rychlosti jednotlivých částic hrubé frakce. Rychlosti hrubých částic byly vyšší než rychlosti jemné frakce. In the paper, the attention is focused on the flow of bimodal suspensions, where the coarse fraction is combined with the fine fraction with the resulting effect of reducing the total pressure losses. Using the PIV and PTV methods, the flow at the bottom of the pipe is analyzed. Using this approach, the velocities of both the bimodal mixture and the individual particle velocities of the coarse fraction were obtained. The velocities of the coarse particles were higher than the velocities of the fine fraction. Keywords: bimodal suspensions; PIV method; PTV method Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
Analýza pohybu bimodální suspenze u stěny potrubí

V článku je pozornost zaměřena na proudění bimodálních suspenzí, kdy je kombinována hrubá frakce s jemnou s výsledným efektem snížení celkových tlakových ztrát. S využitím metod PIV a PTV je ...

Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav; Novotný, Jakub; Konfršt, Jiří
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2022

Experimental validation of granular flow kinetic theory under turbulent flow conditions
Haidl, Jan; Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav
2022 - English
The mixed classical and extended kinetic theory of granular ows is used for modeling the characteristics of particles-water turbulent sheet ow. The open-source solver sedFoam v3.1 is used for the 1-D and 2-D ow simulations. The simulation results are compared to the experimental data measured in the open channel. After that, the simulation parameters are optimized to achieve the best possible agreement between the simulation and the experimental results. The unsatisfactory performance of the KT models and the observed simulation instabilities are discussed. Keywords: kinetic theory; granular flow; sedFoam Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Experimental validation of granular flow kinetic theory under turbulent flow conditions

The mixed classical and extended kinetic theory of granular ows is used for modeling the characteristics of particles-water turbulent sheet ow. The open-source solver sedFoam v3.1 is used for the 1-D ...

Haidl, Jan; Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2022

Antibacterial electrospun membrane prepared from poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene with lauric acid monoacylglycerol
Zelenková, Jana; Peer, Petra; Pleva, P.; Janalíková, M.; Sedlaříková, J.; Filip, Petr
2021 - English
The aim of this study was to prepare an antibacterial nanofibrous membrane using electrospinning technique. The nanofibrous membranes were spun from polymer solution of poly(vinylidne fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-co-HFP) dissolved in N,N´-dimethylformamide. Monoacylglycerol of lauric acid (MAG C12) was used as an antimicrobial agent at the concentrations ranging from 1 to 3 wt%. The impact of MAG C12 incorporation on the rheological, structural and antibacterial properties was investigated. The rheological tests of polymer solutions, as steady shear and oscillatory shear, proved that addition of MAG C12 changed marginally rheological quantities such as viscosity, elastic (storage) and viscous (loss) moduli. Measurement of mean nanofibres diameter indicated a slight decrease with increasing MAG C12 concentration. Antimicrobial activity of PVDF-co-HFP nanofibre membranes with incorporated MAG C12 against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli was studied. An antibacterial activity was revealed for the samples containing MAG C12 at all concentrations against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus by the disk diffusion method. Keywords: nanofibres; electrospinning; antibacterial memrane; rheology; polymer solution Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Antibacterial electrospun membrane prepared from poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene with lauric acid monoacylglycerol

The aim of this study was to prepare an antibacterial nanofibrous membrane using electrospinning technique. The nanofibrous membranes were spun from polymer solution of poly(vinylidne ...

Zelenková, Jana; Peer, Petra; Pleva, P.; Janalíková, M.; Sedlaříková, J.; Filip, Petr
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2021

Magnetic properties of electrospun polyvinyl butyral/Fe2O3 nanofibrous membranes
Peer, Petra; Cvek, M.; Urbánek, M.; Sedlačík, M.
2020 - English
In this contribution, magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles (MNPs) were successfully incorporated into the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) nanofibrous membranes using the electrospinning process. The effects of the MNP concentration on the morphology of the nanofibres and their magnetic properties were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy confirmed their concentration-dependent, yet uniform diameter, and the presence of well-embedded MNPs inside the PVB nanofibres. The magnetic properties of the PVB/MNP membranes were studied using the vibrating-sample magnetometry. The saturation magnetization increased from 6.4 to 45.5 emu/g as the MNP concentration in the feedstock solution increased from 1 to 15 wt%. The fabricated PVB/MNP nanofibrous membranes possessed the ability to respond to the external magnetic fields, which determines their potential in the development of the advanced smart textiles. Keywords: electrospinning; polyvinyl butyral; nanofibres; magnetic properties Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Magnetic properties of electrospun polyvinyl butyral/Fe2O3 nanofibrous membranes

In this contribution, magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles (MNPs) were successfully incorporated into the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) nanofibrous membranes using the electrospinning process. The effects of the ...

Peer, Petra; Cvek, M.; Urbánek, M.; Sedlačík, M.
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2020

Flow behaviour of sand-water mixture in horizontal and inclined pipes
Vlasák, Pavel; Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav; Kesely, Mikoláš; Krupička, Jan; Konfršt, Jiří; Mildner, Michael
2019 - English
Pipelines transporting slurries in different industrial applications often contain inclined sections. The effect of pipe inclination, slurry concentration and mean velocity on the flow behaviour, deposition\nlimit velocity, and internal structure of a settling slurry was studied in an experimental pipe loop of inner diameter D = 100 mm. The slurry consisted from water and a narrow particle size distribution sand of mean diameter d50 = 0.55 mm. The experiments focused on the effects of the pipe inclination on solids distribution and deposition limit velocity. The concentration distribution in pipe cross-section was studied with application of a gamma-ray densitometer. The study revealed the stratified flow pattern of the medium sand-water mixture in inclined pipe sections. Experimental results show that the degree of the slurry stratification decreased with an increasing angle of inclination in the ascending pipe sections. The slurry stratification affected the deposition limit velocity. Mean in situ concentration for the descending flow was always lower than that for the ascending flow. The deposition limit in ascending pipe, in comparison with that in a horizontal pipe, slightly increased up to inclination angle about +25°, and then remained practically constant. For negative pipe inclination over – 30° no deposition limit was observed. Keywords: slurry flow; inclined pipe; deposit limit velocity Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Flow behaviour of sand-water mixture in horizontal and inclined pipes

Pipelines transporting slurries in different industrial applications often contain inclined sections. The effect of pipe inclination, slurry concentration and mean velocity on the flow behaviour, ...

Vlasák, Pavel; Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav; Kesely, Mikoláš; Krupička, Jan; Konfršt, Jiří; Mildner, Michael
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2019

Preparation and characterization of fibrous non-woven textile decorated by silver nanoparticles for water filtration
Peer, Petra; Polášková, M.; Mosnáček, J.; Sedlařiková, J.; Masař, M.
2019 - English
The environmentally friendly preparation of silver nanoparticles was proposed for the production of antibacterial non-woven textile used in water filtration. The silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction of silver nitrate using two environmentally friendly reducing agents, such as fructose or ascorbic acid. For comparison also commonly used reducing agent-sodium borohydride was used. The silver nanoparticles in various size and yield were produced by immersion of the plasma pre-treated polypropylene (PP) nonwoven textile in the colloidal solutions for different periods (35, 45 and 135 min). The morphology of the silver nanoparticles was characterized by SEM and EDX analysis. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of the silver decorated PP non-woven textile was evaluated by an agar diffusion test using both Gram-positive Staphylococcus Aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. The results suggest that the type of the reducing agent has major effect both on the morphology of silver nanoparticles and the antibacterial activity. Keywords: silver nanoparticles; reducing agent; non-woven textile; antibacterial activity Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
Preparation and characterization of fibrous non-woven textile decorated by silver nanoparticles for water filtration

The environmentally friendly preparation of silver nanoparticles was proposed for the production of antibacterial non-woven textile used in water filtration. The silver nanoparticles were prepared by ...

Peer, Petra; Polášková, M.; Mosnáček, J.; Sedlařiková, J.; Masař, M.
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2019

Enkapsulace aktivních látek do přírodních polymerů
Sedlaříková, J.; Krejčí, J.; Krhovská, D.; Peer, Petra
2019 - Czech
Problematika enkapsulace je v posledních letech intenzivně studována za účelem docílení lepší vstřebatelnosti a prodloužení účinnosti aktivních látek. Podstatou práce bylo připravit směsi na bázi přírodních polymerů zeinu a chitosanu s aktivními látkami a sledovat vliv zastoupení jednotlivých složek na výsledné fyzikálně-chemické vlastnosti enkapsulační činnosti. Recently encapsulation has been intensively investigated to achieve a better absorbability and prolong efficiency of active agents. The aim of this work was to prepare the systems based on natural polymers zein and chitosan with active substances and observe the effect of individual components on the resultant physical and chemical properties of the encapsulation Keywords: encapsulation efficiency; zein; chitosan; active agents; thymol Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Enkapsulace aktivních látek do přírodních polymerů

Problematika enkapsulace je v posledních letech intenzivně studována za účelem docílení lepší vstřebatelnosti a prodloužení účinnosti aktivních látek. Podstatou práce bylo připravit směsi na bázi ...

Sedlaříková, J.; Krejčí, J.; Krhovská, D.; Peer, Petra
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2019

Měření rychlostních profilů nad depozitní vrstvou při dopravě suspenzí v potrubí
Chára, Zdeněk
2019 - Czech
Článek se zabývá měřením rychlostních profilů nad depozitní vrstvou při proudění suspenze pevných částic v potrubí. K měření byla použita optická metoda PIV s využitím vysokorychlostní kamery NanoSense. The paper deals with the measurement of velocity profiles above the deposit layer during the flow of solid particles in the pipeline. Optical PIV method using high speed NanoSense camera was used for the measurements. Keywords: PIV; suspension flow; granular temperature Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Měření rychlostních profilů nad depozitní vrstvou při dopravě suspenzí v potrubí

Článek se zabývá měřením rychlostních profilů nad depozitní vrstvou při proudění suspenze pevných částic v potrubí. K měření byla použita optická metoda PIV s využitím vysokorychlostní kamery ...

Chára, Zdeněk
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2019

Effect of pipe inclination on local concentration and flow behaviour of settling slurry
Vlasák, Pavel; Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav; Kesely, Mikoláš; Konfršt, Jiří; Mildner, Michael
2019 - English
Settling slurry, consisted from narrow-graded sand of mean particle diameter 0.87 mm and water, was investigated on an experimental pipe loop of inner diameter 100 mm. The investigation was focused on the effect of the pipe inclination, slurry concentration, and velocity on concentration distribution, and deposition limit. The settling slurries tend to stratify, a layered structure is typical for a settling slurry flow. Slurry stratification is sensitive to pipe inclination, and differs for the positive and negative pipe inclination. Deposition limit increases with pipe inclination up to about 25°, and then remain nearly constant. Keywords: sand-water slurry; pipe inclination; concentration distribution; deposition limit Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Effect of pipe inclination on local concentration and flow behaviour of settling slurry

Settling slurry, consisted from narrow-graded sand of mean particle diameter 0.87 mm and water, was investigated on an experimental pipe loop of inner diameter 100 mm. The investigation was focused on ...

Vlasák, Pavel; Chára, Zdeněk; Matoušek, Václav; Kesely, Mikoláš; Konfršt, Jiří; Mildner, Michael
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2019

Využití meteorologických dat v hydrologickém modelování na příkladu malého povodí horní Vydry
Vlček, Lukáš; Šípek, Václav
2019 - Czech
Příspěvek se zabývá hodnocením malého výzkumného povodí tvořeným dvěma dominantními půdními typy (kryptopodzol, organozem) pramenné oblasti Vydry. Hydrometeorologická a hydropedologická měření jsou doplněná hydrologickým modelem HBV ve snaze odhadnout míru zapojení různých složek povrchového a podpovrchového proudění vody a jejich vliv na odtokový proces. Data byla získána přímým měřením v terénu v průběhu 5-ti hydrologických let (2013-2017). Jde o data půdní vlhkosti odvozené z ret. křivek a z měření potenciálu půdní vody ve dvou hloubkách (20 a 60 cm) na dvou lokalitách, hladiny podzemní vody na 5 místech ve vrchovišti. Vodní stav byl měřen automaticky v závěrovém profilu a také manuálně u dvou pramenů.\nPomocí hydrologického modelu došlo k uspokojivé reprezentaci srážko-odtokového procesu v povodí, režimu půdní vody i kolísání podzemní vody ve svrchní části vrchoviště (organozemi). Celkově je větší množství odtoku z povodí generováno z organozemi a to zejména díky nižší evapotranspiraci rašeliniště oproti ploše kryté kryptopodzolem. V suchých periodách naopak většina odtoku pochází z organominerální půdy (v této studii kryptopodzol) a organozem se na odtoku podílí jen pomalým výtokem ze spodní, dlouhodobě nasycené zóny (část katotelmu).\n This paper deals with an evaluation of runoff formation at a small catchment (0.6 km2) consisting of two dominant soil types of the Vydra headwaters. Several Hydro-meteorological parameters have been measured at the study catchment and used in a hydrological model in an effort to estimate a proportion of surface or subsurface flow components and their effects on the outflow process. Chosen hydrological model showed that a greater proportion of an outflow from the catchment is generated, in general, from a peat bog area, mainly due to the lower evapotranspiration from the peatland compared to the mineral soil. On the contrary, during dry periods most of the outflow comes from a mineral soil and a peat bog contributes only to the outflow from the lower, permanently saturated layer. Keywords: runoff generation; peat bog; soil; Šumava mountains Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Využití meteorologických dat v hydrologickém modelování na příkladu malého povodí horní Vydry

Příspěvek se zabývá hodnocením malého výzkumného povodí tvořeným dvěma dominantními půdními typy (kryptopodzol, organozem) pramenné oblasti Vydry. Hydrometeorologická a hydropedologická měření jsou ...

Vlček, Lukáš; Šípek, Václav
Ústav pro hydrodynamiku, 2019

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