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Landscape photography in the research of landscape change
Skokanová, H.; Halas, Petr; Koutecký, T.; Kallabová, Eva; Havlíček, M.; Slach, T.
2022 - English
The paper presents partial results of “entering” landscape photography, which can be considered as a complementary method for the research of landscape changes. Unlike the usual assessment of landscape changes using cartographic and other archival sources, old landscape photographs can contribute to the deeper knowledge of the local specifics of the examined places or supplement the conventional procedures. Thanks to the ongoing project, supported by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic (TL02000222), we documented changes in photographic shots of various landscapes in the 20th century. We also added information about environment, vegetation, and geography and photo documentation of the details of the researched shot. This creates a comprehensive output for each old landscape photograph. Such processed photographs have been presented at exhibitions in museums and galleries. Furthermore, they will be available to municipalities and public at a web page created as a tool to support public recreation. Here we present some examples from the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. They show four types of landscape changes: 1) afforestation and overgrowth bywoody vegetation, 2) changes in the agricultural landscape, 3) loss of the grazing landscape, and 4) changes related to watercourses.\n
Keywords:
photographic shots; landscape structure changes; Bohemian-Moravian Highlands; vegetation change; public recreation
Fulltext is available at external website.
Landscape photography in the research of landscape change
The paper presents partial results of “entering” landscape photography, which can be considered as a complementary method for the research of landscape changes. Unlike the usual assessment of ...
Polycentric urban forms: The relevance of scale for metropolitan and city planning
Malý, Jiří; Krejčí, Tomáš
2021 - English
The paper deals with the importance of scale in metropolitan and urban planning, in connection with the promoted and often applied concept of polycentric development. Although the normative conceptualization of polycentricity to some extent reflects the multi-scalar dimension, the operationalization of the concept encounters a number of limitations and fuzzy meanings that result from different scales of analysis and interpretation. Using the Czech context of planning practice, the negligence of the importance of overlapping geographical scales and limits of binding spatial planning materials is documented. The dependence of polycentricity on the scale has consequences both for the analytical evaluation of the spatial situation of the settlement system and for the subsequent interpretation of the results and the setting of further development strategies.\n
Keywords:
polycentricity; scale; metropolitan planning; urban planning
Fulltext is available at external website.
Polycentric urban forms: The relevance of scale for metropolitan and city planning
The paper deals with the importance of scale in metropolitan and urban planning, in connection with the promoted and often applied concept of polycentric development. Although the normative ...
SNA'21 - Seminar on Numerical Analysis
Starý, Jiří; Sysala, Stanislav; Sysalová, Dagmar
2021 - English
Seminar on Numerical Analysis 2021 (SNA'21) is the 15th meeting in aseries of SNA events.The previous meetings were held in Ostrava 2003, 2005, Monínec 2006,Ostrava 2007,Liberec 2008,Ostrava 2009,Nové Hrady 2010, Rožnov 2011, Liberec 2012, Rožnov 2013, Nymburk 2014, Ostrava 2015, 2017, and 2019. SNA events help to bring together the Czech research community working in the field of numerical mathematics and computer simulations.The scope of the seminar ranges from mathematical modelling and simulation of challenging engineering problems, to methods of numerica lmathematics, numerical linear algebra, and high performance computing. SNA'21 has about 80 participants. Its programme includes the traditional Winter School with tutorial lectures focused on selected important topics within the scope of the seminar.This year, the Winter School includes the following lectures:
Keywords:
numerical analysis; mathematical modelling; computer mathematics
Fulltext is available at external website.
SNA'21 - Seminar on Numerical Analysis
Seminar on Numerical Analysis 2021 (SNA'21) is the 15th meeting in aseries of SNA events.The previous meetings were held in Ostrava 2003, 2005, Monínec 2006,Ostrava 2007,Liberec 2008,Ostrava 2009,Nové ...
Charakterizace Božanského pískovce: pilotní lomové testy
Kumpová, I.; Rozsypalová, I.; Vavro, Leona; Vavro, Martin; Keršner, Z.
2020 - Czech
Cíl příspěvku představuje charakterizacipískovce zlomu Božanov u Broumova,Česká republika,pomocí pilotních lomových testů. Pět zkušebních těles z jádrových vývrtůnominálního průměru 50mm a délek 100 a125mm bylo před testy opatřeno koncentrátorem napětí ve tvaru šípového vrubu a zatěžováno spožadavkem konstantního přírůstku posunu vkonfiguraci tříbodového ohybu lisemLabTest 6.250 vlaboratoři Ústavu stavebního zkušebnictví FAST VUT vBrně. Snímaných diagramů síla–posun bylo po jejich korekci využito kvyčíslení základních lomově-mechanických parametrůstudovaného pískovce: statického modulu pružnosti, lomové houževnatosti, houževnatostia specifické lomové energie. The aim of this paper is a characterization ofsandstone from Božanov quarry near Broumov, Czech Republic,by means of the pilot fracture tests. Five drill-core test specimens withnominal diameter of 50mm and lengths of 100 and 125mmwere provided by an initial chevron type notch. Specimens were loaded in the configuration of the three-point bending as a displacement driven experimentusing LabTest 6.250 equipment in the laboratory of the Institute of Building Testing, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology. The load versus displacement diagrams were used to quantify the basic mechanical fracture parameters of the studied sandstone: modulus of elasticity, fracture toughness, toughness, and specific fracture energy.
Keywords:
Božanov sandstone; drill-core specimen; chevron notch; fracture test; load–displacement diagram
Fulltext is available at external website.
Charakterizace Božanského pískovce: pilotní lomové testy
Cíl příspěvku představuje charakterizacipískovce zlomu Božanov u Broumova,Česká republika,pomocí pilotních lomových testů. Pět zkušebních těles z jádrových vývrtůnominálního průměru ...
Smart countryside for the 21st century
Zapletalová, Jana; Vaishar, Antonín
2020 - English
The 7th Moravian Conference on Rural Research EURORURAL takes place in the summer of 2020. The period of preparation and holding of the conference was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which decisively reduced international travel. However, as we did not want to break the developed tradition, we decided to organize the conference online. At the same time, we hoped that this opportunity would allow the participation of colleagues who could not attend our conference personally due to collisions with other events, health, financial causes and other reasons. On the other hand, we were aware that we are entering a little-explored terrain and our intentions would not reach widely the international professional public\nReceived contributions cover various topics of rural development. Their spectrum reflects the current problems of European rural development. We already look forward to receiving some elaborated papers for their eventual publication in the European Countryside.\n
Keywords:
European countryside; rural space; rural development
Fulltext is available at external website.
Smart countryside for the 21st century
The 7th Moravian Conference on Rural Research EURORURAL takes place in the summer of 2020. The period of preparation and holding of the conference was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, which ...
Staré kulturní krajiny Moravy
Kolejka, Jaromír
2020 - Czech
Vletech 2016-2020 proběhla na historickém území Moravy inventarizace segmentů krajiny, jejichž vzhled vsoučasné době je podobný jejich obrazu vpředindustriálním období na katastrálních mapách z1. pol. 19. st. Při řešení projektu programu NAKI MK ČR bylo do obsáhlé databáze zařazeno 1139 segmentů staré předindustriální krajiny větších než 10 ha. Navíc ke každému segmentu bylo zjištěno kolem 10 dalších charakteristik, které slouží geostatistické analýze a klasifikaci. Vpříspěvku je nastíněn myšlenkový postup identifikace zbytků staré kulturní krajiny počínaje přehledem nejstarších použitelných mapových podkladů zúzemí Moravy. Vysvětlen je pojem starobylá předindustriální krajina a zdůvodněno její časové zařazení. Zevrubně jsou popsány historické události, které předcházely vzniku předindustriální krajiny. Uvedeny jsou rovněž příčiny, které vedly kdramatickým změnám kulturní krajiny vdobě průmyslové společnosti. Nastíněn je postup zjišťování a mapování starých krajin za využití současné barevné ortofotomapy a císařských otisků katastrálních map z 20. - 30. let 19. století. Přiložená mapová dokumentace poskytuje přehled o charakteru dostupných podkladů o starých krajinách a o rozmístění jejich zjištěných zbytků na historickém území Moravy ve východní části České republiky. In the years 2016-2020, an inventory of landscape segments took place in the historical territory of Moravia, the appearance of which is currently similar to their image in the pre-industrial period on cadastral maps from the first half of the 19th century. When solving the project of the NAKI program of the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic, 1139 segments of the old pre-industrial landscape larger than 10 ha were included in the extensive database. About 10 other characteristics were found for each segment, which serve for geostatistical analysis and classification. The article outlines the concept, time classification and procedure of identification of the remains of the old pre-industrial cultural landscape using the current color orthophotomap and imperial prints of cadastral maps from the 1820s-1830s. The historical events that preceded the emergence of the pre-industrial landscape are described in detail. The causes that led to dramatic changes in the cultural landscape in the age of industrial society are also listed. The map documentation provides an overview of the nature of the available data on old landscapes and the location of their identified remains in the historical territory of Moravia.\n\n
Keywords:
definition; data sources; mapping; geodatabases
Fulltext is available at external website.
Staré kulturní krajiny Moravy
Vletech 2016-2020 proběhla na historickém území Moravy inventarizace segmentů krajiny, jejichž vzhled vsoučasné době je podobný jejich obrazu vpředindustriálním období na katastrálních mapách z1. pol. ...
Staré lomy na území Brna: most mezi přírodním a kulturním dědictvím
Kubalíková, Lucie
2020 - Czech
Území Brna je geologicky a geomorfologicky velice pestré díky své pozici na hranici dvou celoevropsky významných jednotek – Českého masivu a Západních Karpat. Litologická a morfologická diverzita a rovněž hydro- a pedodiverzita se podílely na historickém vývoji města, jeho dalším rozvoji i na jeho současném utváření. Využívání přírodních materiálů na území Brna spadá do staršího paleolitu (pazourky na Stránské skále), ovšem větší rozmach byl zaznamenán až ve středověku (těžba stavebního a dekoračního kamene – vápence na Stránské skále a Hádech, slepence na Červeném kopci, později písky a spraše). V současné době se na území Brna nachází několik desítek nečinných lomů, cihelen a pískoven, které podávají svědectví jednak o geologické historii města a jednak o využívání přírodních zdrojů. Tyto lomy jsou často legislativně chráněny jako přírodní památky nebo rezervace, případně jako významné krajinné prvky. Díky svým hodnotám jsou cenným zdrojem informací z hlediska věd o Zemi (paleontologické nálezy, stratigrafie, krasové jevy, specifický druh horniny), mají však význam i z hlediska kulturního a historického (např. zdroj stavebního materiálu pro kulturní památky, historie využívání přírodních zdrojů, antropogenní podzemí, industriální a antropogenní tvary reliéfu, vliv na rozvoj města atd.). Lomy tedy reprezentují most mezi přírodními a kulturními aspekty krajiny, respektive mezi přírodním a kulturním dědictvím. Studium kulturně-historických a geovědních aspektů starých lomů může přispět k rozpoznání jejich skutečných hodnot a napomoci i přijetí vhodných opatření z hlediska ochrany neživé přírody i kulturního dědictví.\n Thanks to its position on the border of two important geological units (Bohemian Massif and Western Carpathian), Brno City possesses high lithological and morphological diversity. These geodiversity aspects significantly influenced the historical development of the city, its urban settings and the availability or use of natural resources. The history of exploitation of natural resources begins in the Palaeolothic (flints on Stránská skála), however, the quarrying itself dates to the Early Middle Age – e.g. the extraction of limestones at Hády and Stránská skála, Old Red sandstones and conglomerate at Červný kopec. Currently, there are tens of abandoned quarries and pits within Brno city, which give testimony about the geological history and history of use of the natural resources. These extraction sites are often protected by law as Natural Monuments or Reserves or Important Landscape Elements. Thanks to their values they represent an important resource of the knowledge in the Earth-sciences (paleontology, stratigraphy, speleology), but they have often the significance from the cultural and historical point of view (use of the material for local architecture, anthropogenic landforms related to mining, influence on the urban development). Quarries thus represent a bridge between natural and cultural landscape features or between natural and cultural heritage. The research on quarries (or extraction sites) can bring new insights into the problem of an integrated approach to the protection and conservation of natural and cultural heritage.
Keywords:
natural and cultural heritage; anthropogenic geomorphology; building stone
Fulltext is available at external website.
Staré lomy na území Brna: most mezi přírodním a kulturním dědictvím
Území Brna je geologicky a geomorfologicky velice pestré díky své pozici na hranici dvou celoevropsky významných jednotek – Českého masivu a Západních Karpat. Litologická a morfologická diverzita a ...
Characterization of fine-grained montmorillonite fractions suitable for composite preparation
Valovičová, Věra; Vaculíková, Lenka; Plevová, Eva; Dolinská, S.; Znamenáčková, I.; Danková, Z.
2019 - English
The aim of this experimental study was to characterize a fine-grained fraction of montmorillonites (SAz-2, STx-1, SWy-2 and Kunipia-F). It was investigated in order to provide more precise information of used montmorillonites than could be obtained by analysis of the unfractioned montmorillonites. At first, the fine fraction of montmorillonites were prepared by sedimentation and activation by means of Na2CO3. The prepared clay materials were characterized by the X-ray diffraction analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal behaviour of the studied samples was determinated according to the characteristic temperatures obtained from TG/DTA curves. The temperatures of dehydratation and dehydroxylation were evaluated and kinetic parameters were also calculated. The porosity and surface properties of the studied samples were gained by the nitrogen adsorption measurements. The obtained results confirmed that the fine fraction of montmorillonites could be a suitable material for subsequent preparation of composites with enhanced sorption properties, especially montmorillonite/MnO2 composite.
Keywords:
montmorillonite; activation; characterization; composites
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Characterization of fine-grained montmorillonite fractions suitable for composite preparation
The aim of this experimental study was to characterize a fine-grained fraction of montmorillonites (SAz-2, STx-1, SWy-2 and Kunipia-F). It was investigated in order to provide more precise information ...
Zatížení svorníků v silně namáhavém masivu
Waclawik, Petr; Sahendra, Ram; Šňupárek, Richard
2019 - Czech
Při zkušebním provozu modifikované metody komora-pilíř s ponechanými stabilními pilíři, nazvané chodba-pilíř byla na Dole ČSM použita svorníková výztuž stropu a boků chodeb (stěn ponechaných pilířů). Zatížení a deformace svorníků byly měřeny v rámci rozsáhlého geotechnického monitoringu [1,2]. Následně bylo použito matematického modelování v softwaru Itasca FLAC3D [3] pro lepší objasnění zatěžovacích charakteristik svorníkové výztuže. The trial test of new mining method “Roadway-Pillar” was finished at the underground coal mine – ČSM Mine. The wide ranging monitoring was focused on the load bearing capacity of coal pillars and strata deformation changes induced by the roadway-pillar mining method. The results of monitoring allowed bolts loading and loading characteristics to be described. Further, an attempt is made to understand the rock bolt loading characteristics at different stages of rib dilation using numerical modelling with the available properties of rock mass and reinforcement for the studied site. Elastic and Mohr Coulomb strain-softening constitutive models are considered in FLAC3D to evaluate the performance of the rock bolts.
Keywords:
Roadway-Pillar mining method; ČSM Mine; coal pillars
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Zatížení svorníků v silně namáhavém masivu
Při zkušebním provozu modifikované metody komora-pilíř s ponechanými stabilními pilíři, nazvané chodba-pilíř byla na Dole ČSM použita svorníková výztuž stropu a boků chodeb (stěn ponechaných pilířů). ...
SNA´19 - Seminar on numerical analysis.
Blaheta, Radim; Starý, Jiří; Sysalová, Dagmar
2019 - English
Seminar on Numerical Analysis 2017 (SNA'17) is a continuation in a series of SNA events held\nin different places in the Czech Republic and organized alternatively by Ostrava and Prague\ninstitutions. The SNA'17 is organized by the Institute of Geonics of the CAS in collaboration with\nVŠB - Technical University of Ostrava and IT4Innovations National Supercomputing Centre.\nConference location is one of the lecture rooms in New Aula of the VŠB-TU Ostrava.\nLet us note that SNA 2016 was reshaped to EMS School in Applied Mathematics (ESSAM)\ndevoted to mathematical modelling, numerical analysis and scientiffc computing. The SNA'17\nis turning back to more traditional winter event.\nIt provides opportunity for meeting and mutual information of the community working in computational\nmathematics and computer science, but an important part of SNA is devoted to the\nWinter School with tutorial lectures focused on selected important topics within the scope of\nnumerical methods and modelling.\nThis year, a part of the Winter School will be the course Parallel Linear Algebra (PLA) organized\nby the European research infrastructure PRACE, particularly by the French PRACE Advanced\nTraining Centre - Maison de la Simulation. Winter school lectures will cover the ongoing topics\nrelated to domain decomposition methods, interval computations and numerical veriffcation. The\nPLA course will provide lectures from the area of direct and iterative parallel solvers, as well as\npractical training with selected programs.
Keywords:
numerical analysis; mathematical modelling; computer mathematics
Fulltext is available at external website.
SNA´19 - Seminar on numerical analysis.
Seminar on Numerical Analysis 2017 (SNA'17) is a continuation in a series of SNA events held\nin different places in the Czech Republic and organized alternatively by Ostrava and Prague\ninstitutions. ...
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