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An interpretation of the 'bombastic' Cham culture spindle whorls by an archaeological experiment
Chylíková, Judita
2017 - English
One group of artefacts characteristic of Cham culture are the so-called bombastic whorls. These spindle whorls each weigh about 100 g in biconical, bell-shaped or cylindrical forms. Their specific function has been discussed by Czech archaeologists and their connection to textile production questioned. The assumption that Cham culture was based on a pastoral economy led the 'bombastic' whorls to be traditionally associated with wool processing. This myth survived in Czech archaeological literature, even though agricultural production has long since been shown to be relevant to Cham culture and any connection between the 'bombastic' whorls and wool has no justification in terms of textile manufacturing. The aim of the experiments reported here was to disprove the relationship between 'bombastic' whorls and sheep's wool, and on the contrary, to demonstrate their suitability for the processing of vegetal fibres. For the purposes of the experiment, two sets of spindle whorls were documented: Cham culture whorls from the hill-top settlement of Velká skála and those of the Řivnáč culture from the hillfort Denemark. Řivnáč culture existed at the same time as Cham culture in the adjacent regions. Small spindle whorls, usually conical in shape, are typical for this culture. However, the Cham and Řivnáč whorls do not constitute two completely separate categories in terms of size, weight and shape. A representative sample of ten specimens was selected from the documented whorls and their duplicates were made. Five spinners spun wool, flax and linden bast. Besides the interpretation of the 'bombastic' spindle whorls, the aim of the experiment was to provide a better understanding of the relationship between the processed raw material, the spindle whorl used, and the quality of spun threads.
Keywords:
'bombastic' whorls; Cham culture; Eneolithic; experiment; textile production; wool
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
An interpretation of the 'bombastic' Cham culture spindle whorls by an archaeological experiment
One group of artefacts characteristic of Cham culture are the so-called bombastic whorls. These spindle whorls each weigh about 100 g in biconical, bell-shaped or cylindrical forms. Their specific ...
Introduction
Dobalová, Sylva; Muchka, Ivan
2017 - English
Keywords:
leisure buildings; European palaces; court residences
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Introduction
Reflection of Dialects in Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms
Čižmárová, Libuše
2017 - English
The article relates to there projects of the Brno dialectologists: The Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (supported by the Czech Science Foundation in 2005-2007, 2008-2010, at present continued without CSF support), The Dictionary of Dialects of the Czech Language (at present supported by the CSF, grant project 2011-2015), and The Czech Linguistic Atlas, published in paper version in 6 volumes in 1992-2011, these days being gradually presented in electrobnic version on the ICL webpage (http://cja.cas.cz/cja.html).\n(General web page of the ICL with more detailed information of both other above mentioned works see http://www.ujc.cas.cz/).
Keywords:
ectronic dictionaries; onomastics; dialectology; Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms; Dictionary of Dialects of the Czech Language; Czech Linguistic Atlas
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Reflection of Dialects in Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms
The article relates to there projects of the Brno dialectologists: The Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (supported by the Czech Science Foundation in 2005-2007, 2008-2010, at present ...
Reflection on the Dictionary of Czech Dialects
Šipková, Milena
2017 - English
After finishing the Czech Linguistic Atlas (1992-2011), the Brno Department of Dialectology of the Institute of the Czech Language, Czech Academy of Sciences, comes to the most significant phase of its aktivity - to the lexicological compilation of the gathered dialect materiál. In connection with a question arises, what type of a dialect dictionary should be compiled. It could be either some type of a differential dictionary, or a dictionary of comprehensive character. These guestions reflect not only the scientific point of view and the national and cultural interest, but also the temporal perspective, personal possibilities of the researches-dialectologists (their qualifications, experience, age) as well as in these days more and more important financial support. In her article, the author tries to characterize some possible zypes of differential dialect dictionaries and draws attention to their pros (advantages) and cons (dishadvantages). In opposition to these, she places the comprehensive compilation of an extensive dialect materiál in the form of a dictionary: on the one hand, she points out its problems, difficulties, even risks, on the other hand, its indisputable values
Keywords:
differential dialect dictionary; comprehensive dialect dictionary
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Reflection on the Dictionary of Czech Dialects
After finishing the Czech Linguistic Atlas (1992-2011), the Brno Department of Dialectology of the Institute of the Czech Language, Czech Academy of Sciences, comes to the most significant phase of ...
Knowledge is a Diamond
Punčochář, Vít
2017 - English
In the standard epistemic logic, the knowledge operator is represented as a box operator, a universal quantifier over a set of possible worlds. There is an alternative approach to the semantics of knowledge, according to which an agent a knows a proposition iff a has a reliable (e.g. sensory) evidence that supports the proposition. In this interpretation, knowledge is viewed rather as an existential, i.e. a diamond modality. In this paper, we will propose a formal semantics for substructural logics that allows to model knowledge on the basis of this intuition. The framework is strongly motivated by a similar semantics introduced by (Bílková, Majer, Peliš, 2016). However, as we will argue, our framework overcomes some unintuitive features of the semantics from (Bílková, Majer, Peliš, 2016). Most importantly, knowledge does not distribute over disjunction in our logic.
Keywords:
epistemic logic; substructural logic; knowledge
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Knowledge is a Diamond
In the standard epistemic logic, the knowledge operator is represented as a box operator, a universal quantifier over a set of possible worlds. There is an alternative approach to the semantics of ...
Glass in fashion and trade in Bohemia in the 9th-11th century (archaeology and archaeometry)
Tomková, Kateřina; Jonášová, Šárka; Zlámalová Cílová, Z.
2017 - English
An overview of the archaeological typology of early medieval glass beads and chemical glass types in Bohemia in the 9th-11th centuries, with examples of local production of some types of beads from imported glass.
Keywords:
Early Middle Ages; Central Europe; glass beads; archaeometry
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Glass in fashion and trade in Bohemia in the 9th-11th century (archaeology and archaeometry)
An overview of the archaeological typology of early medieval glass beads and chemical glass types in Bohemia in the 9th-11th centuries, with examples of local production of some types of beads from ...
A general framework for logics of questions
Punčochář, Vít
2017 - English
This paper provides an overview of basic inquisitive semantics and its generalization proposed in (Punčochář, submitted). It is shown that the generalization allows to model questions over any of a large class of non-classical logics and so avoids paradoxes of material implication and irrelevance in the logic of questions. Moreover, it is advocated that the general framework does not lose any of the characteristic features of basic inquisitive semantics that are needed for modeling of questions.
Keywords:
inquisitive semantics; logic of questions; substructural logics
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
A general framework for logics of questions
This paper provides an overview of basic inquisitive semantics and its generalization proposed in (Punčochář, submitted). It is shown that the generalization allows to model questions over any of a ...
Peripheral Old Czech names for Owls
Hořejší, Michal; Voleková, Kateřina
2017 - English
This paper focuses on the interpretation of the Old Czech peripheral ornithonyms vap, vapek a puňek. Based on an analysis of the context for the evidence, and with the help of more recent sources and an analysis of the morphological structure, several findings have been made: a) the Old Czech vap is a deverbative formed from the Croatian vapiti, which provides further proof of contact between the two languages during the Middle Ages, b) the formant -ek performs a complex function in the names of animals, as it may simultaneously carry a diminutive and an agentive meaning, while including the information that the word is the name of an animal, c) the distribution of the names of animals was loose in earlier times, with one term frequently relating to several referents, whereas one animal commonly bore several names.
Keywords:
ornithonyms; onomatopoeia; word formation; language contact; owls; Old Czech
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Peripheral Old Czech names for Owls
This paper focuses on the interpretation of the Old Czech peripheral ornithonyms vap, vapek a puňek. Based on an analysis of the context for the evidence, and with the help of more recent sources and ...
Data deposit into the ASEP repository
Chmelařová, Zdeňka; Doleželová, Jana
2017 - English
The ASEP repository has provided bibliographic records deposit for the results of scientific research at the Czech Academy of Sciences since 1993. In 2012, the database was expanded to include a repository in which full text documents are stored. Since 2017, ASEP also supports data records and data file storage. The bibliographic records of the results can be linked to metadata records so that the user gets not only the full text of a result, but also the data on which the result is based. Each dataset has its own description and metadata follows international standards. In the paper, we will introduce the repository workflow, describe dataset deposit and international standards used as well as different types of user interfaces.
Keywords:
data repositories; ASEP; Czech Academy of Sciences; Library of the Czech Academy of Sciences
Fulltext is available at external website.
Data deposit into the ASEP repository
The ASEP repository has provided bibliographic records deposit for the results of scientific research at the Czech Academy of Sciences since 1993. In 2012, the database was expanded to include a ...
On the etymology of the Czech words kobliha and špína
Valčáková, Pavla
2017 - English
The text deals with the etymology of Czech kobliha, which is explained as a borrowing from Russian kobriza 'round bread, loaf of bread', influenced by Czech oblý 'round'. - Old Czech, Czech špína 'dirt' originated from German spinnen 'to spin', Spinnabfall, Spinnabgang 'dirt, waste from spinning'.
Keywords:
etymology; Czech; doughnut; dirt
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
On the etymology of the Czech words kobliha and špína
The text deals with the etymology of Czech kobliha, which is explained as a borrowing from Russian kobriza 'round bread, loaf of bread', influenced by Czech oblý 'round'. - Old Czech, Czech špína ...
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