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Characterization of organic compounds in PM1 aerosol in Kladno in winter 2016
Křůmal, Kamil; Mikuška, Pavel; Večeřa, Zbyněk
2016 - Czech
In this work the organic compounds and organic markers used for the identification of main aerosol sources were measured in PM1 aerosol in a small town (Kladno-Švermov) near Prague. Monosaccharide anhydrides and resin acids (emissions from biomass combustion) were found especially. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (emissions from traffic and incomplete combustion), hopanes (traffic, coal combustion), steranes (traffic), saccharides and alkanes were other groups of analysed organic compounds. Organické sloučeniny a markery používané pro identifikaci hlavních emisních zdrojů byly měřeny v PM1 aerosolu v malém městě Kladně-Švermově. Nejvyšší koncentrace byly pro anhydridy monosacharidů a pryskyřičné kyseliny (spalování biomasy). Dalšími analyzovanými skupinami organických sloučenin a markerů byly polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky (emise z dopravy a nedokonalého spalování), hopany (spalování uhlí, doprava), sterany (doprava), sacharidy a alkany.
Keywords:
organic tracer; urban aerosol; PM1
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Characterization of organic compounds in PM1 aerosol in Kladno in winter 2016
In this work the organic compounds and organic markers used for the identification of main aerosol sources were measured in PM1 aerosol in a small town (Kladno-Švermov) near Prague. Monosaccharide ...
SMV-2016-719: Detection and identification of sources of nanoparticles produced by military equipment
Večeřa, Zbyněk
2016 - Czech
In the study, which took place in a military training area "Vyškov" and simulators University of Defence, we monitored and identified the sources nanoparticles produced various kinds of military equipment. Preliminary results indicate that the source of nanoparticles are especially exhaust gases of engines powering military equipment and studied after shoot fumes. Potential impact of nanoparticles on the service staff of military equipment is currently being evaluated. V rámci studie, která probíhala ve vojenském výcvikovém prostoru „Vyškov“ a na trenažerech Univerzity obrany v Brně, se sledovaly zdroje nanočástic produkovaných různými druhy vojenské techniky. Předběžné výsledky ukazují, že zdrojem nanočástic jsou zejména výfukové zplodiny motorů pohánějících studovanou vojenskou techniku a povýstřelové zplodiny. Možný vliv nanočástic na obsluhu vojenské techniky se v současnosti vyhodnocuje.
Keywords:
nanoparticles
Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
SMV-2016-719: Detection and identification of sources of nanoparticles produced by military equipment
In the study, which took place in a military training area "Vyškov" and simulators University of Defence, we monitored and identified the sources nanoparticles produced various kinds of military ...
Methodology of application of essential oils and their components to achieve fungistatic effect in depositories paper artifacts endangered by microbial attack due to high relative humidity
Milichovský, M.; Večeřa, Zbyněk; Neuvirt, J.
2016 - Czech
Methodology concerns the protection of artifacts on paper using essential oils. It is the sum of knowledge, policies and procedures, as these substances or their analogs artificially prepared to use so as to avoid unnecessary mistakes to be protected negative impact on lignocellulosic materials. Metodika se týká ochrany artefaktů na papíře s použitím esenciálních olejů. Je souhrnem znalostí, zásad a postupů, jak tyto látky nebo jejich analogy připravené uměle používat a vyvarovat se tak zbytečných chyb až negativních dopadů na ochraňované lignocelulózové materiály.
Keywords:
essential oils; archived paper materials; relative humidity; microbial attack
Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
Methodology of application of essential oils and their components to achieve fungistatic effect in depositories paper artifacts endangered by microbial attack due to high relative humidity
Methodology concerns the protection of artifacts on paper using essential oils. It is the sum of knowledge, policies and procedures, as these substances or their analogs artificially prepared to use ...
Increase of efficiency of continuous aerosol sampler
Mikuška, Pavel; Čapka, Lukáš; Večeřa, Zbyněk
2016 - Czech
Contribution deals with increasing of collection efficiency of ACTJU sampler also for particles smaller than 300 nm in diameter. Use of so-called „growth tube“ (GT) located upstream of the ACTJU results in increase of particle size to several µm. Enlarged particles are then easily quantitative collected in ACTJU sampler. Příspěvek se zabývá zvýšením účinnosti záchytu ACTJU vzorkovače i pro částice menší než 300 nm. Použitím tzv. „růstové trubky“ (RT), která je umístěna před vzorkovačem, vzroste velikost částic na několik µm a zvětšené částice jsou pak snadno kvantitativně zachyceny v ACTJU vzorkovači.
Keywords:
continuous sampler; on-line analysis; atmospheric aerosol
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Increase of efficiency of continuous aerosol sampler
Contribution deals with increasing of collection efficiency of ACTJU sampler also for particles smaller than 300 nm in diameter. Use of so-called „growth tube“ (GT) located upstream of the ACTJU ...
SMV-2016-736: Reaction of plants to presence of CdO nanoparticles in air
Večeřa, Zbyněk
2016 - Czech
Study of the impact of elevated concentrations of nanoparticles of cadmium oxide in the air on Cd content in coniferous Norway spruce (Picea abies) and deciduous beech (Fagus sylvatica). Estimation of the sensitivity of urban forests and woody species to the effects of abiotic stresses and extreme climatic events. Studie vlivu zvýšené koncentrace nanočástic oxidu kademnatého v ovzduší na obsah Cd v jehličnatém smrku ztepilém (Picea abies) a listnatém buku lesním (Fagus sylvatica). Odhad citlivosti městských lesů a dřevin k působení abiotických stresů a extrémních klimatických událostí.
Keywords:
CdO nanoparticles; plants; Picea abies; Fagus sylvatica
Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
SMV-2016-736: Reaction of plants to presence of CdO nanoparticles in air
Study of the impact of elevated concentrations of nanoparticles of cadmium oxide in the air on Cd content in coniferous Norway spruce (Picea abies) and deciduous beech (Fagus sylvatica). Estimation of ...
Allelopathy of root exudates of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
Figala, J.; Lojková, L.; Lvončík, S.; Hohnová, Barbora; Moravcová, Dana; Formánek, P.
2015 - Czech
Invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae) of North American origin is an important agricultural weed in Europe and also occupies large non-crop areas with a range that is likely to accelerate under climate change. Its pollen grains are noxious aeroallergens and cause summer hay fever. Knowledge on allelopathic effect of root exudates of Ambrosia artemisiifolia on germination and growth of plant species are presented in this work. Ambrózie peřenolistá (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) pochází ze Severní Ameriky a do Evropy byla zavlečena ve druhé polovině 19. století. Ambrózie peřenolistá je plevelem polních plodin a producentem značného množství vysoce alergenního pylu. V předložené práci jsou prezentovány poznatky o alelopatickém působení kořenových výměšků (exsudátů) ambrózie peřenolisté na klíčení a růst vybraných druhů rostlin.
Keywords:
root exudates; allelopathy; common ragweed
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Allelopathy of root exudates of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
Invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae) of North American origin is an important agricultural weed in Europe and also occupies large non-crop areas with a range that is likely to ...
Composition of particles and gases in emissions of spark ingnition engines: effect of operation cycles and alcohol fuels
Mikuška, Pavel; Křůmal, Kamil; Coufalík, Pavel; Vojtíšek-Lom, M.; Beránek, V.; Štolcpartová, Jitka; Večeřa, Zbyněk
2015 - Czech
Chemical composition of particles and gaseous compounds in emissions of spark-ignition engine depends on operation cycle and the method of formation of the fuel mixture. Particulate emissions (both particle mass and especially particle number concentration) were significantly higher at engine with the direct formation of mixture (engine DISI) than at engine with indirect formation of the mixture (MPI), and were affected both by the operating conditions and by the fuel used. Chemické složení částic a plynných sloučenin v emisích zážehového motoru závisí na provozním režimu, způsobu tvorby palivové směsi a použitém palivu. Emise částic (jak hmotnostní koncentrace, tak zejména početní koncentrace částic) byly u motoru s přímou tvorbou směsi (motor DISI) výrazně vyšší než u motoru s nepřímou tvorbou směsi (MPI).
Keywords:
spark ignition engine; emission composition; DISI and MPI engine
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Composition of particles and gases in emissions of spark ingnition engines: effect of operation cycles and alcohol fuels
Chemical composition of particles and gaseous compounds in emissions of spark-ignition engine depends on operation cycle and the method of formation of the fuel mixture. Particulate emissions (both ...
Metals concentrations in urban aerosol and in exhaust emission
Coufalík, Pavel; Mikuška, Pavel; Křůmal, Kamil; Vojtíšek, M.; Matoušek, Tomáš; Večeřa, Zbyněk
2015 - Czech
Total metals concentrations in aerosol samples and exhaust fumes as well as the bioaccessible proportions of metals were determined. The bioaccessibility of metals in vitro should be assessed according to the extraction in simulated lung fluids with a low surface tension. V rámci tohoto výzkumu byly sledovány celkové koncentrace kovů ve vzorcích aerosolu a motorových emisích a byly určovány jejich biodostupné podíly. Biodostupnost kovů in vitro by měla být posuzována pomocí extrakce v simulovaných plicních kapalinách s nízkým povrchovým napětím.
Keywords:
PM1; metals; bioavailability
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Metals concentrations in urban aerosol and in exhaust emission
Total metals concentrations in aerosol samples and exhaust fumes as well as the bioaccessible proportions of metals were determined. The bioaccessibility of metals in vitro should be assessed ...
Comparison of techniques for determination of monoterpenes in forested area
Křůmal, Kamil; Večeřová, Kristýna; Holišová, Petra; Urban, Otmar; Pallozzi, E.; Guidolotti, G.; Calfapietra, C.; Večeřa, Zbyněk
2015 - Czech
In this work three different techniques (1 online and 2 offline) for determination of monoterpenes in forest were compared. Monoterpenes were determined by PTR-MS (Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer), cylindrical wet effluent diffusion denuders and tenax tubes. V této práci porovnávány tři různé techniky (1 online a 2 offline) pro stanovení monoterpenů v lese. Monoterpeny byly stanoveny pomocí PTR-MS, difúzních denuderů se stékajícím filmem kapaliny a tenaxových desorpčních trubiček.
Keywords:
monoterpenes; denuder; tenax
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Comparison of techniques for determination of monoterpenes in forested area
In this work three different techniques (1 online and 2 offline) for determination of monoterpenes in forest were compared. Monoterpenes were determined by PTR-MS (Proton Transfer Reaction Mass ...
Organic compounds on dust particles in emissions of gasoline cars
Mikuška, Pavel; Křůmal, Kamil; Coufalík, Pavel; Večeřa, Zbyněk; Vojtíšek, M.
2015 - Czech
In this study, chemical composition of emissions of two gasoline cars (Ford-Focus; DISI and Skoda Fabia; MPI) was compared. Two different fuels and working cycles were applied during experiments. V této studii bylo porovnáváno chemické složení prachových částic v emisích dvou vozidel s benzínovým motorem, Ford-Focus (motor s přímým vstřikováním, DISI) a Škoda Fabia (motor s vícebodovým vstřikováním, MPI). Při testech byla použita rozdílná paliva a různé provozní cykly.
Keywords:
gasoline; traffic emission; organic compounds
Available on request at various institutes of the ASCR
Organic compounds on dust particles in emissions of gasoline cars
In this study, chemical composition of emissions of two gasoline cars (Ford-Focus; DISI and Skoda Fabia; MPI) was compared. Two different fuels and working cycles were applied during experiments.
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