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Summary research report 1801
Hanuš, Jan; Fajmon, Lukáš
2018 - Czech
Airborne hyperspectral campaign hodoninsko was focused on detection of soils contaminated by oil. Kampaň Hodonínsko byla zaměřena na pořízení dat pro studium možnosti detekce půd kontaminovaných ropou z leteckých hyperspektrálních dat.
Keywords:
imaging spectroscopy; oil detection
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Summary research report 1801
Airborne hyperspectral campaign hodoninsko was focused on detection of soils contaminated by oil.
Summary report for providing meteorological forecasts for CEPS company
Farda, Aleš; Štěpánek, Petr; Meitner, Jan; Zahradníček, Pavel
2018 - Czech
Global Change Research Institute CAS provides CEPS company with outputs from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The cooperation lasts from 2015 up to now. Selected fields of meteorological variables (namely solar radiation - global and direct, and air temperature in 2 m) are processed from grib files into suitable spatial information, like administrative districts (areal averages) or position of grid points of GFS model. NPW models used are ALADIN from Czech Hydrometeorological Institute and GFS model (from NCEP, NOAA). Outputs are provided for several days ahead, and are issued each morning. Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v.i. poskytuje společnosti ČEPS výstupy z modelů numerické predikce počasí (NWP). Spolupráce trvá od roku 2015 až do současnosti. Vybraná pole meteorologických proměnných (zejména sluneční záření - globální a přímé a teplota vzduchu ve 2 m) jsou zpracovávány ze souborů gribu do vhodných prostorových informací, jako jsou správní obvody (plošné průměry) nebo poloha bodů sítě modelu GFS. Použité modely NPW jsou ALADIN z Českého hydrometeorologického ústavu a model GFS (od NCEP, NOAA). Výstupy jsou poskytovány na několik dní dopředu a jsou vydávány každé ráno.
Keywords:
numerical weather prediction models; air temperature; solar radiation; meteorological forecast
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Summary report for providing meteorological forecasts for CEPS company
Global Change Research Institute CAS provides CEPS company with outputs from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. The cooperation lasts from 2015 up to now. Selected fields of meteorological ...
Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
Boateng, K. A.; Mensah, Caleb; Agyei, Thomas; Švik, Marian
2018 - English
Changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. Thus, the preservation of natural environment of urban areas is essential for conserving water and soil, while still adjusting the microclimatic variables (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, etc.) and stabilizing the natural ecological system from destruction. It has been observed that most parts of city's green vegetation have been lost due to housing developments and commercial activities. This study was carried out to assess the effect of the change in land use on a modern city like Sunyani, by observing the significant changes in vegetation cover from LANDSAT TM imagery over a 31-year period (1986 – 2017). From the study, there was significant decline of vegetation cover from 1986 to 1999, and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. There were also significant changes in the built-up areas from 1986 to 1999 and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. Adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies that maintain open green vegetation is recommended for future city planning.
Keywords:
climate change; green vegetation; landsat; open green spaces; urbanization
Fulltext is available at external website.
Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
Changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. Thus, the preservation of natural environment of urban areas is essential for conserving ...
Spatial throughfall variability in the spruce forest
Holata, Filip
2018 - English
In this study, we characterized a canopy by several methods and we found the best relationship between spatialvariation of canopy and throughfall volume. We validatedthe spatial variability of throughfall volumeandwe foundthat GFr is more appropriate parameter to use for more accurate estimation of throughfall volume than LAI and LPI.
Keywords:
throughfall; spruce; leaf area inde; gap fraction; LiDAR penetration index
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Spatial throughfall variability in the spruce forest
In this study, we characterized a canopy by several methods and we found the best relationship between spatialvariation of canopy and throughfall volume. We validatedthe spatial variability of ...
Forest health assessment in Czech Republic using Sentinel-2 satellite data
Lukeš, Petr; Strejček, R.; Křístek, Š.; Mlčoušek, M.
2018 - Czech
This methodology aims to design a comprehensive system of nationwide assessment of the state of health of the Czech Republic based on Sentinel-2 satellite data analysis. The methodology addresses the entire process from the pre-processing of source satellite data using a novel approaches based on analysis of all-available satellite observations and their processing in the form of cloud-free mosaics of the Czech Republic using big data approach. In the next step, the products derived from cloud-free mosaics (vegetation indexes and other image analysis) are compared against extensive database of ground survey of forest health status (values of the leaf area index sampled as part of the development of the methodology - further denoted as LAI, database of tree defoliation ICPForests, airborne hyperspectral data acquired for selected study area, global forest losses database). For products with the best relationship to in-situ data, a predictive statistical model to yield LAI from satellite observations is developed. Forest health status is evaluated on the basis of yearly changes of the LAI values for cloud-free mosaics generated in the vegetation maximum. Individual pixels are classified into four health classes according to LAI growth rate or decrease in the observed period. The final assessment of the state of health is applied at the cadastral level, where each cadastral area is classified into four health classes based on the fraction of the lowest health status stands with significant LAI decrease to the total forest cover for stands up to 80 years of age Předkládaná metodika má za cíl navrhnout komplexní systém celoplošného hodnocení zdravotního stavu lesních porostů České republiky na základě analýzy satelitních dat Sentinel2. Metodika řeší celý proces od zpracování zdrojových satelitních dat pomocí zcela nového přístupu založeného na využití všech dostupných satelitních pozorování a jejich zpracování do formy bezoblačných mozaik České republiky za využití přístupu analýzy velkých dat. V\nnásledném kroku jsou produkty odvozené z těchto bezoblačných mozaik (vegetační indexy a jiné analýzy obrazu) porovnány s rozsáhlou databází pozemního šetření zdravotního stavu lesních porostů (hodnoty indexu listové plochy vzorkované v rámci vývoje metodiky - dále LAI, databáze defoliací porostů ICPForests, hyperspektrální letecká data pro vybrané zájmové území, globální databáze detekce těžby). Pro produkty s nejlepším vztahem k pozemním hodnotám indexu listové plochy je vyvinut predikční statistický model zisku hodnot LAI ze satelitních dat. Zdravotní stav porostů je hodnocen na základě sledování meziroční změny hodnot LAI pro bezoblačné mozaiky generované v maximu vegetační fáze vegetace, kde jsou jednotlivé pixely zařazeny do čtyř tříd zdravotního stavu dle míry růstu či poklesu LAI ve sledovaném období. Finální hodnocení zdravotního stavu je aplikováno na úrovni katastrálních území, kde je každé katastrální území zařazeno do čtyř tříd zdravotního stavu na základě procentického zastoupení porostů nejnižší třídy zdravotního stavu (výrazný pokles LAI) k celkové lesnatosti porostů do 80 let věku.
Keywords:
forests; health status; satellite data; Sentinel-2; leaf area index; monitoring
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
Forest health assessment in Czech Republic using Sentinel-2 satellite data
This methodology aims to design a comprehensive system of nationwide assessment of the state of health of the Czech Republic based on Sentinel-2 satellite data analysis. The methodology addresses the ...
The Influence of traditional ways of management on the State of Coppice - Results in 2018
Balková, M.; Dařenová, Eva; Friedl, M.; Hloucalová, P.; Kadavý, J.; Kneifl, M.; Knott, M.; Kučera, A.; Slach, T.; Skládanka, J.; Uchytilová, Tereza; Uherková, B.; Vichta, T.; Volařík, D.
2018 - English
The most pronounced increase in number of herb species was remarked in the clear cut+litter gathering treatment. Harvest led to an increase in soil temperature and moisture. TheCO2efflux was the highest in September, namely in control treatment. The lowest intensity of root growth was remarked in the control treatment. Variants with litter gathering had smaller (28.9%) relative growth ratio.
Keywords:
grazing; litter gathering; standards; sprouts; soil; herbs
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The Influence of traditional ways of management on the State of Coppice - Results in 2018
The most pronounced increase in number of herb species was remarked in the clear cut+litter gathering treatment. Harvest led to an increase in soil temperature and moisture. TheCO2efflux ...
Response of aerosol concentrations to the daily atmospheric boundary layer variability at the national atmospheric observatory Košetice
Holubová Šmejkalová, Adéla; Zíková, Naděžda; Ždímal, Vladimír; Komínková, Kateřina; Holoubek, Ivan
2018 - English
The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is the part of the troposphere directly influenced by the properties of the Earth’s surface. The ABL thickness reaches from hundreds of meters to a few kilometres. The daily cycle of the ABL height is primarily result of interaction between incoming solar radiation and Earth’s surface heat fluxes because a turbulent motion is dominant in this layer. Air pollutants are generally emitted from surface and their measured concentrations are also influenced by dilution of the atmosphere, or ABL thickness. This study is focused on the linkage between the diurnal ABL height evolution and aerosol particle number concentrations.
Keywords:
Atmospheric boundary layer; Aerosol total number concentrations; Polynomial regression
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Response of aerosol concentrations to the daily atmospheric boundary layer variability at the national atmospheric observatory Košetice
The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is the part of the troposphere directly influenced by the properties of the Earth’s surface. The ABL thickness reaches from hundreds of meters to a few kilometres. ...
Methods for identification of vulnerable zones for nitrogen leaching in arable land
Zemek, František; Pikl, Miroslav; Holub, Petr; Klem, Karel; Záhora, J.; Vavříková, J.
2017 - Czech
The methodology demonstrates on the case study of a catchment (cca 200 km2 in size) how to identify the areas with high risk of nitrogen (N) leaching to underground water in arable land. It uses synergy between “conservative” characteristics of the catchment, such as orographic features, bedrock and soil hydrological properties, and the dynamic ones, which are represented by vegetation properties. The latter are identified through the imaging spectroscopy of wheat canopy obtained from airborne hyperspectral and/or Sentinel-2 multispectral data. Metodika identifikace potenciálního průsaku reaktivního dusíku do podzemních zdrojů vod je založena na hodnocení kombinace konzervativních, těžko měnitelných a časově stabilních faktorů povodí a těch faktorů, které může člověk svým působením v krajině ovlivňovat. K ním patří způsoby a intenzita pěstování polních plodin na orné půdě povodí. Parametry druhé skupiny jsou získávány na základě metod obrazové spektroskoie leteckých hyperspektrálních a satelitních multispektrálních dat Sentinel-2.
Keywords:
nitrogen leaching; underground water; remote sensing
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Methods for identification of vulnerable zones for nitrogen leaching in arable land
The methodology demonstrates on the case study of a catchment (cca 200 km2 in size) how to identify the areas with high risk of nitrogen (N) leaching to underground water in arable land. It uses ...
Impacts of hydrometeorological extremes in South Moravia based on documentary evidence
Chromá, Kateřina; Dolák, Lukáš; Brázdil, Rudolf; Řezníčková, Ladislava
2017 - English
Hydrometeorological extremes have influenced human lives significantly in the past, just as they continue\nto do today. To analyse these influences in the past, information is needed from before the start of systematic\nmeteorological and hydrological observations. Documentary evidence constitutes a very rich source of\ninformation about past hydrometeorological extremes. This paper focuses on impacts of hydrometeorological\nextremes on agriculture and material property and their socio-economic consequences. It also discusses\nthe potential and limitations of such documentary evidence. Despite documentary evidence’s several\nlimitations (e.g. spatial and temporal uncertainty, uncertainty in the annual distribution of records, in\nthe type of extreme, etc.), it is a promising source of information useful for future studies.
Keywords:
documentary evidence; hydrometeorological extremes; impacts; South Moravia
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Impacts of hydrometeorological extremes in South Moravia based on documentary evidence
Hydrometeorological extremes have influenced human lives significantly in the past, just as they continue\nto do today. To analyse these influences in the past, information is needed from before the ...
Comparison of leaf area index dynamics and radiation use efficiency of C3 crops in the Czech Republic
Tripathi, Abishek; Pohanková, Eva; Trnka, Miroslav; Klem, Karel
2017 - English
Leaf area index (LAI) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) are key parameters for plant growth and productivity.\nBecause of irregularities in weather conditions, accurate estimation of crop production requires\nunderstanding relationships between weather, LAI, RUE, and final production. It is thus important to\nstudy how the LAI dynamics, leaf area duration (LAD), and RUE are related to aboveground biomass production\nfor different crops. In our study, we compared aboveground dry mass production, LAI dynamics,\nRUE, and LAD in three C3 crops (spring barley [SB], winter wheat [WW], and oilseed rape [OSR]) in the\nCzech Republic. LAI was measured on the basis of transmitted photosynthetically active radiation, LAD\nwas calculated by counting the number of days in the growing season, RUE was measured using Beer’s\nlaw, and the aboveground dry mass was estimated at the time of harvest. Results of our study showed high\nbiomass production and RUE in SB while there was highest maximum LAI (LAImax) and LAD in OSR. We\nconcluded that LAI dynamics or LAImax do not fully reflect the crop production and that RUE may be considered\nas a better indicator for aboveground dry mass production.
Keywords:
leaf area; index dynamics; radiations use efficiency; Czech Republic
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Comparison of leaf area index dynamics and radiation use efficiency of C3 crops in the Czech Republic
Leaf area index (LAI) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) are key parameters for plant growth and productivity.\nBecause of irregularities in weather conditions, accurate estimation of crop production ...
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