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Ceramic protection of anti-corrosion layers of 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane on steel
Pokorný, P.; Prodanović, N.; Janata, Marek; Brožek, Vlastimil
2023 - English
There are various variations on the problem of steel reinforcement bond strength in concrete. Along with geometrical considerations, corrosion performance of steels with varying chemical compositions in interaction with variable chemical compositions of concrete are crucial. One approach is to cover steel surfaces with organosilane compounds, which increases the reinforcement resistance to corrosion in both acidic and alkaline conditions but, on the other hand, may weaken the reinforcement bond strength on concrete. The issue is resolved by intentionally forming a thin-walled, highly adhering corundum layer that is highly porous and impregnated with 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane. This procedure also includes testing the adhesion properties between the ceramic and the metal and the cement prior to conducting a corrosion test in a chloride environment.
Keywords:
steel; concrete; ceramics
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Ceramic protection of anti-corrosion layers of 3-glycidyloxypropyl-triethoxysilane on steel
There are various variations on the problem of steel reinforcement bond strength in concrete. Along with geometrical considerations, corrosion performance of steels with varying chemical compositions ...
Preparation of W-Cu composites by infiltration of w skeletons review
Matějíček, Jiří
2021 - English
Tungsten-copper composites feature high corrosion and erosion resistance, very good thermal and electrical conductivity, low thermal expansion and good mechanical properties. They are used in a variety of demanding applications, such as arc-resistant electrodes, high voltage electrical contacts, heat sinks for integrated circuits, etc. They are also foreseen for use in plasma-facing components of fusion reactors, e.g. as a transition layer between the (refractory) plasma-facing tungsten and the (highly conductive) copper-based cooling structure. In general, high density and good bonding of the tungsten and copper phases is desired. Molten copper infiltration into tungsten preforms is among the prospective fabrication technologies - the structure and properties of the resultant composites are dependent on the specific technological parameters. In this paper, the preparation of W-Cu composites by infiltration of W skeletons is reviewed and attention is paid to the influence of these particular parameters: infiltration temperature, time and atmosphere, tungsten preform porosity, orientation and chemistry (presence or absence of other elements). Optimum parameter combinations for achieving high density and proper bonding of copper and tungsten are identified.
Keywords:
Composites; Copper; Molten copper infiltration; Tungsten
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Preparation of W-Cu composites by infiltration of w skeletons review
Tungsten-copper composites feature high corrosion and erosion resistance, very good thermal and electrical conductivity, low thermal expansion and good mechanical properties. They are used in a ...
High temperature corrosion behaviour of nicr-based coatings applied by twin wire arc spray technology
Lencová, K.; Vostřák, M.; Naďová, J.; Lukáč, František; Mušálek, Radek
2021 - English
High temperature corrosion is a serious problem related to the combustion of heavy oils with high vanadium contents. Protective overlay coatings are used to allow functioning of engineering components under extreme conditions and provide corrosion resistance to extend the component life. This article is concerned with the high temperature corrosion behaviour of two protective NiCr-based coatings and bare structural steel 1.4959 (W.nr.) in a molten salt environment of 40% Na2SO4 and 60% V2O5 at 750 °C under cyclic condition. NiCr and NiCrMoNbTa coating was deposited on steel 1.4903 (W.nr.) by Twin wire arc spray technology (TWAS). To establish the kinetics of corrosion, the thermogravimetric technique was used. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to analyse the corrosion products and determine the corrosion mechanism. The hot corrosion resistance of both coatings was better than bare steel samples. The NiCrMoNbTa coating showed better corrosion behaviour than the NiCr coating. However, also the NiCr coating provides sufficient protection to the substrate material.
Keywords:
Heavy oils; High temperature corrosion; NiCr; NiCr-based coating; NiCrMoNbTa; Twin Wire Arc Spray; Vanadium
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
High temperature corrosion behaviour of nicr-based coatings applied by twin wire arc spray technology
High temperature corrosion is a serious problem related to the combustion of heavy oils with high vanadium contents. Protective overlay coatings are used to allow functioning of engineering components ...
Microstructure and microhardness evaluation for NiCrAlY materials manufactured by spark plasma sintering and plasma spraying
Hulka, Iosif; Mušálek, Radek; Lukáč, František; Klečka, Jakub; Chráska, Tomáš
2020 - English
NiCrAlY deposited by different thermal spraying methods is commonly used as the bond coat material in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In the present study, two experimental coatings were deposited by hybrid water stabilized plasma (WSP-H) and radio frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) using the same feedstock powder. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to manufacture a compact NiCrAlY from the same feedstock powder as a reference material. Microstructure, internal oxidation, phase characterization and quantification of the mechanical behaviour in terms of microhardness were studied. The investigations clearly showed microstructural and mechanical differences between the NiCrAlY samples manufactured by different plasma technologies. The results confirmed that SPS and RF-ICP provide dense structures with no oxides due to the fabrication under protective atmosphere and similar mechanical properties. Thus, RF-ICP may be used for deposition of very dense coatings with microstructure and hardness comparable to compacted materials prepared by SPS.
Keywords:
Microhardness; Microstructure; NiCrAlY; Plasma spraying; Spark plasma sintering
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Microstructure and microhardness evaluation for NiCrAlY materials manufactured by spark plasma sintering and plasma spraying
NiCrAlY deposited by different thermal spraying methods is commonly used as the bond coat material in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In the present study, two experimental coatings were deposited by ...
Effect of sintering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of AE42 magnesium alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering
Minárik, P.; Lukáč, František; Cinert, Jakub; Šašek, S.; Král, R.
2018 - English
Magnesium alloy AE42 was prepared by powder metallurgy technique of spark plasma sintering. The effect of sintering parameters, particularly sintering temperature, on the microstructure and mechanical strength was investigated. The gas-atomized powder was sintered at four temperatures in the temperature range of 400-550 °C. It was found that mechanical strength of the sintered samples was significantly affected by several microstructural features. Application of relatively high load during sintering caused deformation of the individual particles and consequent recrystallization depending on the processing temperature resulted in the release of internal strain and in grain growth. As a result, the evolution of the mechanical strength as a function of the sintering temperature was significantly affected by residual stress, grain size and coarsening of secondary phase particles.
Keywords:
Magnesium; Mechanical properties; Microstructure; Spark plasma sintering
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Effect of sintering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of AE42 magnesium alloy prepared by spark plasma sintering
Magnesium alloy AE42 was prepared by powder metallurgy technique of spark plasma sintering. The effect of sintering parameters, particularly sintering temperature, on the microstructure and mechanical ...
Electric probe measurements in the anode area of a DC arc plasma torch at low pressure
Ondáč, Peter; Mašláni, Alan; Hrabovský, Milan
2018 - English
We measured radial profiles of the electric field, plasma electrical potential and electron temperature in the hot anode area of a hybrid water-argon DC arc plasma torch with an external anode. The measurements were made under different values of the ambient pressure, during the restrike mode with a constricted anode arc attachment or during a supersonic mode with a diffuse anode arc attachment. The results provide first experimental data on plasma electrical potential in that anode area.
Keywords:
plasma; arc; anode; low pressure; electric probes
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Electric probe measurements in the anode area of a DC arc plasma torch at low pressure
We measured radial profiles of the electric field, plasma electrical potential and electron temperature in the hot anode area of a hybrid water-argon DC arc plasma torch with an external anode. The ...
The effect of spark plasma sintering on the porosity and mechanical properties of Ti-15Mo alloy
Terynková, A.; Kozlík, J.; Bartha, K.; Chráska, Tomáš; Dlabáček, Zdeněk; Stráský, J.
2018 - English
Metastable β-titanium alloys are receiving much interest for various applications such as aircraft industry and medicine thanks to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The common way of preparing the titanium alloys is hindered by its production costs. Powder metallurgy (PM) approach is a promising route for cost-effective fabrication of titanium alloys due to possibility of near net shaping. In this study, binary biomedical Ti-15Mo alloy was prepared by PM. Gas atomized powder was sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS) above the β-transus temperature of the studied alloy. The compaction of the powders was accomplished by short-time sintering. The effect of the time of sintering on the porosity and the microhardness in centre part as well as in periphery part of the sample was investigated. The samples revealed significant inhomogeneity the porosity increases with the distance from the centre of the specimen. With increasing sintering times the porosity decreases and simultaneously the microhardness increases.
Keywords:
Metastable β-titanium alloys; Porosity; Powder metallurgy; Spark plasma sintering
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
The effect of spark plasma sintering on the porosity and mechanical properties of Ti-15Mo alloy
Metastable β-titanium alloys are receiving much interest for various applications such as aircraft industry and medicine thanks to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The ...
Microstructure of commercially pure titanium after cryogenic milling and spark Plasma sintering
Kozlík, J.; Harcuba, P.; Stráský, J.; Chráska, Tomáš; Janeček, M.
2018 - English
Commercially pure titanium was prepared by advanced powder metallurgy methods with the aim to produce the ultra-fine grained material. Cryogenic attritor milling was used as a first step to refine the microstructure at liquid argon temperatures to suppress recovery and dynamic recrystallization. Spark plasma sintering was subsequently employed to produce bulk material, exploiting its ability to achieve fully dense structure in short time and thus to reduce the grain growth. In order to understand the undergoing microstructural changes during the process, detailed investigation was performed after each preparation step. Powder morphology was changed significantly after milling, while particle fragmentation was only limited. Grain size after sintering was in micrometer scale, relatively independent of sintering conditions.
Keywords:
Cryogenic milling; Microstructure; Spark plasma sintering; Titanium
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Microstructure of commercially pure titanium after cryogenic milling and spark Plasma sintering
Commercially pure titanium was prepared by advanced powder metallurgy methods with the aim to produce the ultra-fine grained material. Cryogenic attritor milling was used as a first step to refine the ...
Thin nitride layers as permeation barriers
Veverka, Jakub; Matějíček, Jiří; Lukáč, František; Pospíšil, D.; Cvrček, L.; Nemanič, V.
2018 - English
Permeation barriers represent one of the crucial fields in materials development for thermonuclear fusion. Primary objective of the barriers is to suppress the permeation of hydrogen isotopes (mainly tritium) from future thermonuclear fusion facilities. Secondary objective is to reduce their retention in structural materials. Expected reactor conditions put high demands on the material, as well as on the final barrier quality. Key properties are tritium permeation reduction, absence of defects (especially cracks), high-temperature stability and corrossion resistance, and compatibility with structural materials (mostly ferritic-martensitic steels). Thin nitride layers, identified as promising permeation barriers, were prepared by diffusion-based nitridation and physical vapour deposition (PVD), and characterized.
Keywords:
Permeation barriers; Nitride layers; PVD coating; Permeation measurement
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Thin nitride layers as permeation barriers
Permeation barriers represent one of the crucial fields in materials development for thermonuclear fusion. Primary objective of the barriers is to suppress the permeation of hydrogen isotopes (mainly ...
Characterization of flame sprayed abradable seal NiCrAl-bentonite coatings
Houdková, Š.; Česánek, Z.; Schubert, J.; Lukáč, František; Bystrianský, M.
2018 - English
The NiCrAl-21% Bentonite abradable coating, deposited by flame spraying, was exposed to 720°C / 1 hour air-annealing to evaluate its resistance against heat-induced changes. The SEM and XRD microstructure evaluation was done. After the air-annealing, the increase of HR15Y surface hardness was recorded and accompanied with decrease of abradability evaluated by Progressive Readability Hardness (PAH) test, although no demonstrable microstructural changes was recorded by SEM. XRD analyses evidenced the formation of nickel oxides and ordered Ni3Al phase during the air-annealing. Besides the abradable coating evaluation, this work brings the verification of the potential of PAH for scratch hardness testing. The measurement provides the results with low scatter, compared to usual surface hardness testing, and enables to distinguish between the depth of indentation in loaded and unloaded state, pointing out to the elastic/plastic deformation ratio.
Keywords:
Abradability; Abradable seal; Flame spray; NiCrAl-Bentonite
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Characterization of flame sprayed abradable seal NiCrAl-bentonite coatings
The NiCrAl-21% Bentonite abradable coating, deposited by flame spraying, was exposed to 720°C / 1 hour air-annealing to evaluate its resistance against heat-induced changes. The SEM and XRD ...
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