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Properties and use of high-temperature biochar
Sedmihradská, Anežka
2023 - English
Despite being a hot topic in environmental research, biochar and its properties have been mainly investigated from the perspectives of feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature. Few studies have explored the effect of particle size on biochar properties.Even when the effect of particle size on crop efficiency is recognized, there is a lack of corresponding data and analysis.2–7 Therefore, we thoroughly analyzed (proximate and ultimate analysis, SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy) four particle size fractions (< 0.5, 0.5–2, 2–5, > 5 mm) of high-temperature biochar from a gasification power plant, the sizes reflecting those of biochar actually used in agriculture. The < 0.5 mm fraction was significantly different in terms of carbon structure, and carbon and ash content. Consequently, pH, electric conductivity and heavy metal content also differed greatly. The corresponding results for the other particle fractions were broadly similar to each other. Interestingly, for all fractions, the porosity and H/C ratio were independent of particle size, meaning that, regardless of size, the investigated biochar fractions are equally stable in soil. The 0.5–2 mm fraction was then selected to be used in different industrial or agricultural processes such as the anaerobic digestion of wastewater or livestock feeding. The effect of biochar on these processes is currently under investigation, providing only initial data so far.
Keywords:
biochar; particle size on biochar; high-temperature biochar
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Properties and use of high-temperature biochar
Despite being a hot topic in environmental research, biochar and its properties have been mainly investigated from the perspectives of feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature. Few studies have ...
Vertical gradients of atmospheric aerosols chemical composition
Kovářík, Jiří
2023 - English
The aim of this work is to obtain data on the chemical composition of aerosols at two heights (4–5 metres above ground and at 230 metres on the atmospheric tower’s measurement platform). The following and sampling techniques will be used: Aerosol Mass\nSpectrometry) – in combination with PMF (Positive Matrix Factorisation), Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor and Particle Into Liquid Sampler coupled with Ion Chromatography.
Keywords:
aerosols; analytical methods; chemical composition
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Vertical gradients of atmospheric aerosols chemical composition
The aim of this work is to obtain data on the chemical composition of aerosols at two heights (4–5 metres above ground and at 230 metres on the atmospheric tower’s measurement platform). The following ...
Liquid mixing time and gas holdup in a bubble column bioreactor
Terentyak, Mark
2023 - English
The aim of the research is the experimental study of homogenisation and saeration in a bubble column in dependence on operational conditions and aspect ratio.
Keywords:
bubble column bioreactor; gas holdup; experiments
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Liquid mixing time and gas holdup in a bubble column bioreactor
The aim of the research is the experimental study of homogenisation and saeration in a bubble column in dependence on operational conditions and aspect ratio.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EVOLUTION OF AEROSOL FROM OPEN COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS DURING THE TRADITIONAL “BURNING OF THE WITCHES”
Mbengue, Saliou; Vodička, Petr; Komínková, Kateřina; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Zíková, Naděžda; Vítková, Gabriela; Windell, Laurence Christian; Suchánková, Lenka; Lhotka, Radek; Julaha, Kajal; Prokeš, Roman; Šmejkalová Holubová, A.; Ondráček, Jakub; Ždímal, Vladimír; Holoubek, Ivan
2023 - English
Open biomass burning (OBB) is a major source releasing large quantities of gaseous and particulate pollutants into the atmosphere, with global, regional and local impacts on air quality, public health and climate (Andreae, 2019, Chen et al., 2017). OBB aerosols mainly consist of carbonaceous matter, and a considerable amount of inorganic salts, which present distinctly different optical properties (Chen et al., 2017, Reid et al., 2005). In this study, we investigate the influence of OBB during the traditional Burning of the Witches (BoW), referred to in Czech as “Pálení čarodějnic”, on the physico-chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols collected at the National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice (NAOK). The BoW is a centuries-old pagan tradition very popular in the Czech Republic. Today, it is celebrated during the night from April 30 to May 1 by lighting bonfires made of woodpiles with fake witches.
Keywords:
biomass burning; air pollution; size distribution; atmospheric ageing
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EVOLUTION OF AEROSOL FROM OPEN COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS DURING THE TRADITIONAL “BURNING OF THE WITCHES”
Open biomass burning (OBB) is a major source releasing large quantities of gaseous and particulate pollutants into the atmosphere, with global, regional and local impacts on air quality, public health ...
PM1 UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: MULTI-ANNUAL AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SIZE DISTIRBUTION OBSERVATION AT PERI-URBAN ATMOSPHERIC SITE ATOLL
Suchánková, Lenka; Bourrianne, E.; De Fillipi, R.; De Brito, J. F.; Riffault, V.; Prokeš, Roman; Holoubek, Ivan; Ždímal, V.; Crumeyrolle, S.
2023 - English
Atmospheric aerosols (AA) belong to short-lived climate forcers with high spatial and temporal variability. Although the radiative effects of AA are greatest on regional scales, changes in aerosol emissions can induce long-term global climate effects (Szopa et al., 2021). Thus, the measurement of aerosol properties is essential for better understanding of aerosol’s impact on health and climate. Although several international projects and platforms have been monitoring AA properties worldwide (GAW, WMO, ACTRIS, EMEP, EUCAARI, etc., Pandolfi et al., 2018), only PM10 or PM2.5 cutoff sizes have been used for measurements, and information about PM1 particles is missing. \nThe aim of this study is to present aerosol scattering properties with supporting data of absorption and particle number size distribution in PM1 in years 2018-2022 at peri-urban atmospheric site “Atmospheric Observations in LiLLE (ATOLL) in Lille, France. This study is the first to present results dedicated to aerosol scattering properties at this site.
Keywords:
pm1; scattering coefficient; nephelometer; fossil fuel and biomass burning contribution; aethalometer; smps
Available in digital repository of the ASCR
PM1 UNDER THE MICROSCOPE: MULTI-ANNUAL AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND SIZE DISTIRBUTION OBSERVATION AT PERI-URBAN ATMOSPHERIC SITE ATOLL
Atmospheric aerosols (AA) belong to short-lived climate forcers with high spatial and temporal variability. Although the radiative effects of AA are greatest on regional scales, changes in aerosol ...
CECE 2023. 18th International Interdisciplinary Meeting on Bioanalysis
Foret, František; Lavická, Jana; Přikryl, Jan
2023 - English
This year the Proceedings included abstracts of 27 oral and 33 poster presentations. The attached conference proceedings, edited by highly cited scientists, documents the quality of the meeting. Similarly to the previous years the lectures were given by outstanding, highly cited, scientists. The list of speakers as well as more detailed information about the conference can be found on its permanent web at www.ce-ce.org.
Keywords:
bioanalysis; separation; biotechnology
Fulltext is available at external website.
CECE 2023. 18th International Interdisciplinary Meeting on Bioanalysis
This year the Proceedings included abstracts of 27 oral and 33 poster presentations. The attached conference proceedings, edited by highly cited scientists, documents the quality of the meeting. ...
Organoruthenium glycomimetics as selective galectin-1 inhibitors
Hamala, Vojtěch
2023 - English
The prepared organoruthenium glycomimetics demonstrated sin gle unit nanomolar affinity to Gal-1 and over four orders of magnitude\nhigher selectivity to Gal-1 in comparison to Gal-3. The organoruthe nium galectin inhibitors were found to be nontoxic to both cancer and\nnoncancerous cell lines. Selected complexes showed an in vitro an timigratory effect against invasive cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and\nSK-OV-3.
Keywords:
galectin inhibitors; glycomimetcs; carbohydrates
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Organoruthenium glycomimetics as selective galectin-1 inhibitors
The prepared organoruthenium glycomimetics demonstrated sin gle unit nanomolar affinity to Gal-1 and over four orders of magnitude\nhigher selectivity to Gal-1 in comparison to Gal-3. The organoruthe ...
Use of photoautotrophic microorganisms in bioremediation of surface waters
Mušálková, Petra
2023 - English
Extensive experimental work has been executed to examine suitability of the proposed approach. Throughout the experiments, phosphorus concentration in the media was measured spectrophotometrically, to confirm the amount of phosphorus uptake,\nthe intracellular phosphorus concentration was analyzed by ICP-OES spectrophotometry.\n
Keywords:
photoautotrophic microorganisms; surface water; phosphorus; bioremediation
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Use of photoautotrophic microorganisms in bioremediation of surface waters
Extensive experimental work has been executed to examine suitability of the proposed approach. Throughout the experiments, phosphorus concentration in the media was measured spectrophotometrically, to ...
Investigation of recycling possibilities of discarded photovoltaic solar panels
Šperlich, Antonín
2023 - English
This work aims to find an economically effective and industrially feasible method of how to recycle discarded photovoltaic solar panels. Performed experiments determined the exact composition of photovoltaic solar panels and the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment mentioned in the literature. Results will be used for a full-scale industrial unit design for solar photovoltaic panels recycling.\n
Keywords:
photovoltaic solar panels; recycling; experiments
Available in a digital repository NRGL
Investigation of recycling possibilities of discarded photovoltaic solar panels
This work aims to find an economically effective and industrially feasible method of how to recycle discarded photovoltaic solar panels. Performed experiments determined the exact composition of ...
The effect of meteorology and aerosol size distribution on light scattering properties at a rural background site in Central Europe
Suchánková, Lenka
2023 - English
The aim of this study is to characterize the light scattering properties of aerosols at the rural background site National Atmospheric\nObservatory Košetice (NAOK; 49°34’20.787”N, 15°4’48.155”E) in Central Europe, namely the coefficients of total light scattering (σsp) and backscattering (σbsp), the Ångström exponent (SAE), the backscattering ratio (b), and the asymmetry factor (g), with special attention to the influence of meteorology and aerosol size distribution on these properties. We measured σ𝑠𝑝 and σ𝑏𝑠𝑝 at three wavelengths (450, 550, and 700 nm) using the Integrating Nephelometer TSI 3563 (PM10 inlet). The measurements were performed from August 16, 2012 to December 31, 2019.
Keywords:
properties aerosols; backscattering; measurements
Available in a digital repository NRGL
The effect of meteorology and aerosol size distribution on light scattering properties at a rural background site in Central Europe
The aim of this study is to characterize the light scattering properties of aerosols at the rural background site National Atmospheric\nObservatory Košetice (NAOK; 49°34’20.787”N, 15°4’48.155”E) in ...
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