No (253)
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253
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Position-Sensitive Coincidence Detection of Nuclear Reaction Products at the Prague Van-de-Graaff Accelerator
Granja, Carlos; Kraus, V.; Pugatch, V.; Kohout, Z.
2017 - English
In low-energy nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest or fusion studies the spatial-and time-correlated detection of two and more reaction products can be a valuable tool in studies of reaction mechanisms, resolving reaction channels and measuring angular distributions of reaction products. For this purpose we constructed a configurable array of position-sensitive detectors based on the hybrid semiconductor pixel detector Timepix. Additional analog-signal electronics provide self-trigger together with extended multi-device control and synchronized readout electronics by a customized control and coincidence unit. The instrumentation, developed and used for detection of fission fragments in spontaneous and neutron induced fission as well as in charged particle detection in neutron induced reactions, is being implemented for low-energy light-ion induced nuclear reactions. Application and demonstration of the technique with two Timepix detectors on p+p elastic scattering at the Van-de-Graaff (VdG) accelerator in Prague is given.
Keywords:
Van-de-Graaff; Timepix
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Position-Sensitive Coincidence Detection of Nuclear Reaction Products at the Prague Van-de-Graaff Accelerator
In low-energy nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest or fusion studies the spatial-and time-correlated detection of two and more reaction products can be a valuable tool in studies of reaction ...
Numerical modeling of surface elastic wave scattering in polycrystalline materials
Grabec, Tomáš; Ryzy, M.; Verres, I. A.
2017 - English
Grain-boundary scattering of acoustic waves in polycrystalline materials is studied with analytical and numerical methods in the presented paper. In particular, the attenuation of Surface Acoustic Waves (SAWs) propagating through a polycrystalline microstructure is investigated. A three dimensional timedomain finite-element method (FEM) is utilized for the numerical simulation, whereby the granular microstructure is modeled by Voronoi tessellation. The resulting frequency-dependent attenuation coefficients are compared to an explicit analytical model.
Keywords:
grain boundary scattering; elastic wave; numerical modeling; polycrystalline material
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Numerical modeling of surface elastic wave scattering in polycrystalline materials
Grain-boundary scattering of acoustic waves in polycrystalline materials is studied with analytical and numerical methods in the presented paper. In particular, the attenuation of Surface Acoustic ...
Residual stress determination by neutron diffraction in low-carbon steel wires with accumulated shear deformation
Rogante, M.; Mikula, Pavol; Strunz, Pavel; Zavdoveev, A.
2017 - English
Modern methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD) currently allow obtaining the ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure nearly in any material. In the manufacturing process of wire with UFG structure, a main restriction is the continuous drawing scheme in which this process occurs, thus it is important to consider the factors affecting the drawing efficiency. Despite the data on SPD steels such as strength, plasticity and conductivity, obtained by classical methodologies, further investigations are needed: a key information is the residual stresses (RS) status, and RS determination is an essential issue to improve knowledge of SPD effects. In this work, 15 wires samples made of low-alloyed quality structural steel Grade 08G2S GOST 1050 with accumulated shear deformation - as result of rolling with shear of the metal ingot and conventional wire drawing - have been investigated by neutron diffraction (ND). Results provide substantial data helping to evaluate the effect of shear deformation on RS of the considered steel, as well as additional support to complement the information already achieved by using the other characterization methodologies. Knowledge of the RS status can help developing a lowcarbon wire drawing technology with needed manufacturability and efficiency, playing a decisive role in the debugging of material selection and engineering design requirements.
Keywords:
Residual stresses; Neutron diffraction; Steel
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Residual stress determination by neutron diffraction in low-carbon steel wires with accumulated shear deformation
Modern methods of severe plastic deformation (SPD) currently allow obtaining the ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure nearly in any material. In the manufacturing process of wire with UFG structure, a ...
Calibration and Exact Characterization of Aerosol Deposit colected by SDI Impactor
Havránek, Vladimír
2016 - English
Ion beam analytical methods as PIXE (Particle induced X-ray emission), PIGE (Particle induced gamma-ray emission) and RBS (Rutherford backscattering spectrometry) are frequently used for elemental analysis of different types of atmospheric aerosol samples in a form of aerosol deposits on thin plastic filters or foils (Alfassi and Peisach, 1991, Johansson and Campbell, 1988). An ideal sample for analysis is thin homogeneous aerosol deposit with known deposit area. However in practice such samples are rare. They are often thick (more than limit for thin target approximation i.e. larger then few hundred micrograms per square centimetres), of irregular shape and unknown deposit area. In such conditions all obtained elemental mass results should be corrected for apparent deposit thickness, deposit homogeneity and effective deposit area.
Keywords:
atmospheric aerosols; PIXE; RBS; calibration; elemental concentration
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Calibration and Exact Characterization of Aerosol Deposit colected by SDI Impactor
Ion beam analytical methods as PIXE (Particle induced X-ray emission), PIGE (Particle induced gamma-ray emission) and RBS (Rutherford backscattering spectrometry) are frequently used for elemental ...
Study of fully automated analyzing system for the study of low-dose radiation effects on cellular radiobiology
Nagasaki, Y.; Matuo, Y.; Pachnerová Brabcová, Kateřina; Yasuda, N.
2016 - English
Study of fully automated analyzing system for the study of low-dose radiation effects on cellular radiobiology (poster)
Keywords:
storage facility; dosimetry; irradiation
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Study of fully automated analyzing system for the study of low-dose radiation effects on cellular radiobiology
Study of fully automated analyzing system for the study of low-dose radiation effects on cellular radiobiology (poster)
PHASE EVOLUTION IN Ni-48 at.% TI SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY PREPARED BY SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS
Karlík, M.; Haušild, P.; Beran, Přemysl; Novák, P.; Čapek, J.; Kučera, V.; Kopeček, Jaromír
2015 - English
In Ni rich Ni–Ti alloys, various phases such as hexagonal Ni3Ti, cubic NiTi2 and rhombohedral Ni4Ti3 appear during heat treatment. The presence of these precipitates affects the shape memory effect and superelasticity in an important manner. In this paper we present a study of the phase evolution during annealing of the Ni–48at.%Ti shape memory alloy elaborated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Morphology and crystallography of the phases were examined by means of light metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), neutron and X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Besides the phases mentioned in the\nliterature, a Ni-rich phase with the composition near Ni3Ti2 stoichiometry and having a cubic symmetry was found. This phase develops from Ni4Ti3 particles during slow (furnace) cooling from the temperature of 1000 °C. Its particles have the form of thin platelets coherent with the (B2) NiTi matrix. The orientation relation is either cube-to-cube, [111]P || [115]B2 and (1-10)P || (1-10)B2 or [011]P || [011]B2 and (1-10)P || (1-41)B2.\n
Keywords:
NiTi shape memory alloy; neutron diffraction; phase analysis; light and electron microscopy
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
PHASE EVOLUTION IN Ni-48 at.% TI SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY PREPARED BY SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS
In Ni rich Ni–Ti alloys, various phases such as hexagonal Ni3Ti, cubic NiTi2 and rhombohedral Ni4Ti3 appear during heat treatment. The presence of these precipitates affects the shape memory effect ...
IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT OF GAS SENSORS WITH NICKEL(II)-AND COPPER(II)-OXIDE ACTIVE LAYERS
Horák, Pavel; Khun, J.; Vrňata, M.; Bejšovec, Václav; Lavrentiev, Vasyl; Vacík, Jiří
2015 - English
Thin layers (90 nm) of nickel(II)- and copper(II)- oxide were deposited onto ceramic sensor substrates equipped with interdigital electrodes for signal reading. The deposition was carried out in two or three steps: (i) sputtering by means of Ar ion beam from pure (99.99%) metal targets, (ii) following thermal oxidation (400 degrees C for 5 h) in air, (iii) in some cases - sputtering of Pd catalyst to the surface. Then the impedance response of produced sensors (NiO, NiO+Pd, CuO, CuO+Pd) to 1000 ppm of hydrogen and 1000 ppm of methanol vapor was measured. Impedance measurements were performed in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 100 MHz. The obtained data were depicted in Nyquist representation (i.e. imaginary vs. real part of complex impedance). These diagrams have a character of one complete and one incomplete semicircle, each of them corresponding to a parallel RC-element. It was proved, that both NiO and CuO behave like p-type semiconductors; the sensor impedance increases on exposure to reducing gases. The best sensitivity was achieved on NiO+Pd sensor - during detection of hydrogen (1000 ppm) the real part of complex impedance measured at 40 Hz increased from 120 to 350 Omega.
Keywords:
gas sensors; impedance measurement; nickel(II) oxide and copper(II) oxide
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT OF GAS SENSORS WITH NICKEL(II)-AND COPPER(II)-OXIDE ACTIVE LAYERS
Thin layers (90 nm) of nickel(II)- and copper(II)- oxide were deposited onto ceramic sensor substrates equipped with interdigital electrodes for signal reading. The deposition was carried out in two ...
Study of mechanical properites of nanostructured polymer coatings prepared using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Buršíková, V.; Homola, V.; Peřina, Vratislav
2015 - English
The aim of the present work was to deposit transparent polymer SiOxCyHz protective coatings from hexamethyldisiloxane/ oxygen mixtures in capacitively coupled glow discharge. The coatings prepared under dusty plasma conditions showed nanocomposite character. Complex characterization of the local mechanical properties was carried out on the prepared samples from nano to microscale using indentation techniques. The coatings were very elastic, they exhibited high elastic recovery and low plastic deformation even at indentation depths approaching the coating thickness.
Keywords:
PECVD; hexamethyldisiloxane; mechanical properties
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Study of mechanical properites of nanostructured polymer coatings prepared using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
The aim of the present work was to deposit transparent polymer SiOxCyHz protective coatings from hexamethyldisiloxane/ oxygen mixtures in capacitively coupled glow discharge. The coatings prepared ...
RESPONSE OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY IN COBALT-FULLERENE MIXTURE FILMS UPON VARIATION OF THE METAL CONTENT
Lavrentiev, Vasyl; Lavrentieva, Inna; Vacík, Jiří
2015 - English
The morphology and roughness of the films show great change around some critical composition x(c) of the mixture film (x(c) approximate to 3). The films with lower Co content (x < 3) is rather smooth and the roughness is rather low. However, if x >= 3, the roughness of the CoxC60 films dramatically increases and sharp protrusions appear on the surface that reflects an important phase transformation in the film structure. The obtained AFM results define the concentration interval of the Co solubility in solid C-60 (x < 3), which was found to be narrower than that evaluated from spectroscopic experiments (see the text). This interval suggests a formation of the Co1C60 and Co2C60 fullerides in the CoxC60 mixtures where the Co atoms occupy the tetrahedral holes in the fullerene lattice. The dramatic change of the surface morphology at x >= 3 reflects the pronounced Co clustering which likely occurs due to numerical filling the octahedral pores. Formation of the protrusions on the surface of the supersaturated CoxC60 mixture films (x > 3) is a consequence of the compressive stress arising in the film due to the Co clustering.
Keywords:
Fullerene; Cobalt; mixture; roughness; surface; phase transformation
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
RESPONSE OF SURFACE MORPHOLOGY IN COBALT-FULLERENE MIXTURE FILMS UPON VARIATION OF THE METAL CONTENT
The morphology and roughness of the films show great change around some critical composition x(c) of the mixture film (x(c) approximate to 3). The films with lower Co content (x ...
Residual Stress Distribution Measurement by Neutron Diffraction of the Single Pass Fillet Steel Welds
Mráz, Ľ.; Karlsson, L.; Vrána, Miroslav; Mikula, Pavol
2014 - English
In this contribution the results of residual strain/stress measurements performed on several single pass fillet steel welds which were carried out at different welding conditions, namely, with different filler materials are presented.
Keywords:
residual stress; neutron diffraction; steel welds
Available at various institutes of the ASCR
Residual Stress Distribution Measurement by Neutron Diffraction of the Single Pass Fillet Steel Welds
In this contribution the results of residual strain/stress measurements performed on several single pass fillet steel welds which were carried out at different welding conditions, namely, with ...
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